Numerical Simulation and Experimental Study of Influence Particles on Controlled Vibration Based on Acoustic Black Hole

Vibrations have long been a critical subject of investigation across engineering disciplines. With the expansion of major manufacturing sectors such as shipbuilding, automotive engineering, aerospace, and railway transport, the challenges associated with noise, environmental impact, and geotechnical stability have become increasingly complex. Mechanical systems inherently dissipate energy through vibration, and this dissipation can significantly influence structural performance, durability, and operational efficiency. Since the early foundational studies on vibration control in the 1980s, substantial progress has been made in developing innovative mitigation techniques. Among these, the acoustic black hole (ABH) concept has emerged as a promising passive method for reducing vibrational energy without adding significant mass. Over the years, researchers have further enhanced ABH structures by incorporating damping layers, which improve their ability to dissipate energy and control structural vibrations. More recently, scientific interest has shifted toward understanding the role of embedded or dispersed particles in vibration attenuation. Particle-based approaches have shown potential for improving energy dissipation mechanisms through micro-scale interactions, yet the underlying physical processes and their influence on vibration behavior remain active topics of research. In this study, we examine the influence of particles on vibration reduction through combined experimental and numerical investigations. The system is subjected to repeated excitation forces of 1 V, 2 V, and 3 V across frequency ranges of 10–1000 Hz and 10–2000 Hz. Two structural models, ABH-ABH and ABH, were considered, with particles embedded at the mid-plane of each configuration. Additionally, sinusoidal translational motion was analyzed at frequencies between 550 and 625 Hz, with a displacement velocity of 0.5 m/s, to determine the loss factor damping. The numerical results show consistent trends with experimental measurements, reinforcing the effectiveness of particle-enhanced ABH structures in vibration control.