Controlling serum protein depletion in aqueous biphasic systems: interphase precipitation versus bottom phase retention for bisphenol A monitoring

This work demonstrates, for the first time, that rational control of ABS composition can selectively switch between protein precipitation and liquid-liquid partition, establishing a versatile and tunable serum pretreatment platform. This approach enables efficient depletion of high-abundance proteins and sensitive recovery of BPA and potentially other low-concentration analytes. Supported by green and blue analytical chemistry metrics, it represents a significant advance in bioanalytical workflows and environmental exposure assessment, while offering a more sustainable alternative to conventional methods.