Predicting cardiovascular toxicity in anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy: a risk factor analysis and model development
SIRI, ECOG, hypertension, diabetes, tumor metastasis, tumor stage, and sex were significant predictors of cardiovascular toxicity. ECOG was an independent risk factor, while tumor metastasis was an independent protective factor, after adjusting for other covariates. The nomogram showed good accuracy and discrimination, with clinical utility for predicting cardiovascular toxicity risk in patients receiving anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy.
Authors
- Lihua Cao
- Jiayi Liu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1819-2998)
- Run Zhang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5800-9591)
- Jiangtao Yu
- Helei Hou
- Jianxiu Sun
- Zhihui Yan
- Juan Wang
- Wenzhong Zhang
- Ming Zhang
Institutions
- Qingdao University (CN)
- Qinzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital (CN)
- Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University (CN)
- Katholisches Klinikum Koblenz (DE)
- Qingdao Eighth People's Hospital (CN)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine
- Published
- 2026-03-03
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2026.1731591
- Primary Topic
- Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00
Funders
- Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province