Prevalence of Early Musculoskeletal Discomfort Related to Digital Device Multi-Tasking and Ergonomic Practices in College Students

Abstract Background: The increased and rapid use of digital devices puts college students into a state of prolonged screen time, multi-tasking behaviors, and poor ergonomics practices, leading to early musculoskeletal discomfort. Early symptoms need to be identified to help avoid long-term musculoskeletal disorders. Objective: To ascertain the prevalence of early musculoskeletal discomfort associated with digital device multi-tasking and ergonomic practices among college students. Methodology: A cross-sectional, observational study of college students aged 18-25 years participated. Data were collected by a self-administered, structured questionnaire containing demographic details, duration and pattern of digital device usage, multi-tasking habits, ergonomic practices, and complaints of musculoskeletal discomfort. The use of the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire was then utilized to find region-specific discomfort. Descriptive statistics are used to analyze prevalence and associated factors. Results: There is a high prevalence of musculoskeletal discomfort among college students, especially in the neck, lower back, shoulder, and wrists. Students who reported longer durations of digital device use, frequent multitasking, and poor ergonomic practices, such as poor sitting posture and infrequent breaks, reported higher levels of discomfort. Conclusion: Musculoskeletal discomfort in the early stages is very common among university students. Additionally, digital device multitasking and improper use of ergonomics correlate strongly with early stages of musculoskeletal discomfort among university students. Education on appropriate ergonomics use is crucial in preventing the development of musculoskeletal discomfort among university students.