Helplessly at the mercy of others? Violence within the context of informal care in Germany: prevalence and risk factors

Abstract Aim Most of the growing number of people requiring care are cared for in an informal care setting, often by untrained family members. This creates physical, psychological, and social challenges that can lead to violence and pose a significant public health issue. The aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence of and risk factors for violence in informal care in Germany and to identify approaches for prevention. Subject and methods A population-representative survey of the German population was conducted from December 2022 to March 2023. Sociodemographic data, informal care activities, stress from caregiving, illnesses, and experienced violence were recorded. Data analysis was performed using descriptive and inductive statistical methods. Results Of the 2,515 respondents, 113 (4.5%) stated that they were currently providing informal care; respondents were predominantly women, and the average age was 58 years. Common illnesses among those in need of care were physical illnesses or disabilities and dementia. The average score for stress caused by informal care-related issues was 6.2 out of 10. A total of 29.2% reported having perpetrated violence themselves, and 18.6% reported having experienced violence. The results show that violence by care recipients and caregivers is significantly and strongly intercorrelated. Conclusion The study highlights the relevance of (mutual) violence in informal care arrangements and underscores the need to consider these dynamics as a key risk in informal care and a relevant public health issue. Targeted prevention strategies, training measures, and social and health policy support structures are essential to ensuring the quality of care and the well-being of all those involved.