Aesthetic Perception of the Facial Profile Modified According to the Sagittal Position of the Upper Central Incisor in Relation to the Barcelona Line

This study evaluates perceived facial aesthetics across different age groups (18–29 years, 30–55 years, >55 years) through a questionnaire incorporating modified profile photographs of a male and a female subject. These images were adjusted based on the position of the central incisor and the Barcelona line described by Hernández-Alfaro. Statistical analyses were primarily conducted by age group and secondarily by sex and prior studies, using the Shapiro–Wilk, Mann–Whitney U and Kruskal–Wallis tests. All analyses were performed with a significance level set at p < 0.05. Significant differences were observed in the evaluation of facial aesthetics across age groups, as well as between sexes and participants with varying level of education. Younger individuals showed greater acceptance of protrusive profiles, while women and participants with higher educational attainment tended to be more critical in their evaluations.