Analgesic effects of different administration routes of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in orthopedic postoperative pain management: a meta-analysis based on randomized controlled trials

Intravenous administration provides significant short-term analgesic effects, oral administration offers stable long-term pain relief. While there is no significant difference in the overall risk of adverse reactions among different administration routes, route-specific reactions exist. Clinicians should select the appropriate administration route based on individual patient conditions.