Solitary Fibrous Tumors of the Central Nervous System: A Retrospective Study From a National Referral Hospital in Mexico

Background Solitary fibrous tumors (SFTs) are rare mesenchymal neoplasms characterized by NAB2::STAT6 fusion. Despite their widespread occurrence, they are infrequent. SFTs typically manifest in adulthood with non-specific clinical symptoms. Surgical intervention remains the primary treatment modality, and the extent of resection is a critical factor in disease management. Objective To delineate the clinical and demographic characteristics, treatment status, and outcomes of patients with SFT in a national referral center. Materials and methods An observational, descriptive, and retrospective study was conducted involving patients treated at the Neurosurgery Department of a referral hospital in Mexico from January 2019 to December 2024. Clinical records, imaging studies, and pathological reports were reviewed. Frequency distributions and proportions were calculated for qualitative variables, and measures of central tendency were employed for quantitative variables. Results Ten patients were identified. The mean age was 48 years, with female predominance (seven patients = 70% of the cases). Tumors were supratentorial in 60% of the cases (six cases), 20% were infratentorial (two cases), and 20% were located in the spinal canal (two cases). The clinical and imaging features were nonspecific. The primary complication was significant intraoperative hemorrhage. Conclusions Due to their rarity, these tumors may be overlooked in clinical practice. The low availability of diagnostic tests in many centers may contribute to the underestimation of the incidence of SFTs.