Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder is associated with increased consumption of ultra-processed foods among children

This study is the first to demonstrate an adjusted association between physician-diagnosed attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and higher consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) in children, both in absolute food weight and as a percentage of total food weight intake, independent of stimulant treatment status. Findings add to the literature by moving beyond general unhealthy dietary patterns to focus on UPF intake, a growing public health concern. The observed association may reflect ADHD-related eating behaviors, potential contributions of UPF constituents to ADHD-related symptoms, or both, with implications for ADHD care and child public health.