Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on Omentin-1, Leptin, and Lipid Profile in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease

Background: Vitamin D has drawn impressive interest because of its significance in various extra-skeletal illnesses, including multiple sclerosis, malignancies, diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular disease. Vitamin D exhibits anti-inflammatory properties, too, yet the role of vitamin D supplementation in decreasing inflammatory biomarkers remains generally obscure. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of oral vitamin-D intake on lipid profile, anthropometric indices and plasma levels of adipokines, including leptin and omentin-1, in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods: This study was conducted at the Cardiac Units Civil Hospital in Karachi, Pakistan from January to December 2023. A total of 200 diagnosed patients with coronary artery disease who had already been prescribed oral vitamin D due to insufficient vitamins were included in the study. Their health care consultants prescribed patients a daily dose of 2000IU vitamin D for 8 weeks. Lipid profile, anthropometric measurements and serum levels of vitamin D, omentin-1 and leptin were assessed at the beginning and end of the study. Results: Vitamin-D supplementation led to a notable decrease in leptin concentration (3776±0.422 vs. 3187±0.144, p<0.001). Moreover, circulating omentin-1 levels (245±26.1 vs. 296.5±28.11, p<0.001) and HDL-cholesterol levels (36.80±13.46 vs. 45.2±14.31, p< 0.001) were found significantly higher at the end of study. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that an 8 week vitamin D supplementation in CAD patients significantly reduced leptin levels while increasing omentin-1 and HDL-c levels, suggesting their potential cardioprotective effects. DOI: https://doi.org/10.59564/amrj/03.02/004