Selection of superior ‘Hocamız’ pear (Pyrus communis L.) genotypes based on morphological, pomological, and multivariate analyses

This study was conducted between 2019 and 2021 to identify superior ‘Hocamız’ pear genotypes in Akçadağ, Darende, Doğanşehir, and Hekimhan, Malatya Province, Türkiye. A total of 107 genotypes were identified, of which 41 were selected for detailed morphological, pomological, and biochemical evaluations. A Modified Weighted Grading Method was applied, to assess fruit attractiveness, eating quality, size, SSC, firmness, and grittiness. In 2020, fruit weight ranged from 92.29 to 382.42 g, SSC 11.2–17.1%, TA 0.06–0.22%, and firmness 3.34–9.78 kg cm⁻². In 2021, the values were 92.98–289 g, 11.2–18.1%, 0.06–0.19%, and 1.16–10.73 kg cm⁻², respectively. As a result, 41 genotypes were identified as promising according to WGM in 2020, and 36 in 2021. Mean values of common genotypes were subjected to PCA and correlation analysis. PCA showed that the first two components explained 51.8% of the variance (PC1: 36.8%, PC2: 15.0%). Correlation analysis confirmed these patterns among key quality traits.