Immersive simulation in healthcare education: a systematic review

Background: Fully immersive simulation environments can be created using 360° projectors to project images or videos onto the walls of a room or ‘cave’; they are a novel way to scaffold learning and increase student performance and competence. Aims: This study aims to investigate the use of immersive 360° simulation in preregistration education. Methods: A literature search was carried out and PRISMA guidelines followed; seven papers were reviewed in full. Findings: Thematic analysis found three clear themes: readiness for practice; realism; and a safe environment. Conclusion: Immersive simulation has a positive effect on healthcare education, improving student competence, confidence and readiness for practice, and providing realistic experiences within a safe and supportive environment. It allows students to engage in complex, realistic scenarios that bridge the theory-practice gap, enhancing their critical thinking, clinical judgement and interprofessional skills. This learning method has particular relevance to paramedic education. Research is recommended to explore the long-term effects and potential improvements.