The yield of computed tomography scan in the emergency department, tertiary care center, Saudi Arabia

CT is widely used in emergency departments, but overuse and variable diagnostic yield remain concerns. This study assessed CT yield and factors associated with scan outcomes. A retrospective review of emergency department patients who underwent CT imaging between July and December 2023 was conducted using electronic health record data. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify factors independently associated with CT scan results. A total of 1380 patients were included (mean age: 50.9 years; 57% male). Positive CT findings were identified in 43.1% of scans, most commonly fractures (16.1%), hematomas (7.6%), and renal calculi (7.2%). Patients with positive CT results were more likely to be hospitalized than those with negative findings (59% vs. 31.5%). In the adjusted analysis, CT scan timing was the only factor independently associated with scan outcomes (p < 0.001). Scans performed during the daytime and early morning hours were more likely to yield positive findings than those performed in the evening. CT imaging demonstrates a substantial diagnostic yield in the emergency department. Based on these findings, departments should consider reviewing CT ordering protocols, providing targeted education on optimal scan timing, and monitoring utilization trends to optimize diagnostic outcomes and resource allocation.