Examining the relationships between mindfulness, emotion regulation, depression, and anxiety: a structural equation modeling approach

The findings highlight the dual role of mindfulness, which may enhance emotional awareness while simultaneously increasing sensitivity to distress when regulation skills are limited. Culturally, the results emphasize the need to adapt mindfulness-based interventions to align with Saudi values and traditions. Future research should employ longitudinal designs and explore culturally grounded forms of mindfulness practice to better understand these.