Analyzing The Factors Affecting Sleep Quality Among Hemodialysis Patients: A Single Center Study

Objective: To evaluate factors associated with poor sleep quality among patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis.Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted from April to July 2025 at the Department of Nephrology, Tabba Kidney Institute. Adults aged 18–80 years with CKD stage 5D on stable maintenance hemodialysis for 6 months were included. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale(ESS). Continuous variables were expressed as mean ± SD, and categorical variables as n (%). Independent samples t-tests were used for group comparisons. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals were calculated using 2×2 contingency tables to determine factors associated with poor sleep quality (PSQI >5).Results: A total of 74 patients participated (mean age 52.9 ± 14.1 years; 62.2% females). The mean ESS score was 10.4 ± 0.4, indicating excessive daytime sleepiness. The mean global PSQI score was 6.9 ± 0.9, suggesting poor sleep quality. Poor sleep quality was significantly associated with female gender (OR 2.6; 95% CI 1.03–6.76), intradialytic weight gain >2 kg (OR 2.4; 95% CI 1.8–4.9), legdiscomfort (OR 3.9; 95% CI 2.7–9.2), and tingling/numbness (OR 4.1; 95% CI 3.4–11.8).Conclusion: Poor sleep quality and excessive daytime sleepiness are common among hemodialysis patients. Female gender, higher IDWG, and lower-limb symptoms were significantly associated factors. Routine sleep assessment in dialysis units is recommended