Therapeutic Potential of Herbal Medicine for Male Infertility in Pakistan from 1995 to 2025: A Systemic Review and Meta Analysis

Male-infertility is a major health issue, being a significant contributor in Pakistani couples. It is a culmination of hormonal, genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. Traditional therapies are expensive and unavailable to formerly resource-restrained areas. Herbal-medicines, considered less expensive and having less adverse-effects, becoming the focus in terms of alternative therapy. Thepresented analysis assessed the effectiveness and safety of herbal therapy in Pakistani male-infertility in between 1995 and 2025 according to PRISMA-2020. Total 1,245 records found, seven studies on 1,000 men met the inclusion criteria. Herbal-treatment were effective in enhancing the sperm count, sperm motility, testosterone, semen volume and pregnancy rates over other controls. Subgroup analysis revealed more effectiveness between twelve-weeks and more of treatment. Although limited number of studies and small sample size, the general confidence of evidence is low to moderate. To prove efficacy and long-term safety, larger studies should be conducted.