FEATURES OF CARIES AND PERIODONTAL DISEASES COURSE IN ADOLESCENTS WITH JUVENILE IDIOPATHIC ARTHRITIS (LITERATURE REVIEW)

Systemic diseases have a significant impact on dental health, and these relationships are mutually reciprocal. One example of a general somatic pathology is juvenile idiopathic arthritis, which determines the relevance of scientific research aimed at studying the features of its course and developing mechanisms for the prevention of leading dental diseases. According to scientific research, dental pathologies such as caries and periodontal tissue lesions are most often found among adolescents. The presence of comorbidity often complicates ensuring an adequate level of individual hygiene and contributes to an increase in dental morbidity, and therefore, conducting research in this area seems to us to be promising. Purpose of the Study. To analyze scientific publications that highlight the impact of juvenile idiopathic arthritis on the development and course of caries and inflammatory diseases of periodontal tissues. Materials and Methods of the Study. A search was conducted in the scientific databases Web of Science, PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus and archives of domestic professional scientific journals using the keywords “juvenile arthritis”, “caries”, “gingivitis” and “periodontium” with the formation of a query using bооlеаn oреrаtоrs. Results of the Research and Their Discussion. The analysis of scientific sources revealed that several researchers emphasize the increase in the intensity of the caries in adolescents with JIA in comparison with those without comorbidity. There are hypotheses regarding the potential influence of disease-specific characteristics on the values of intensity of the caries indices. On the other hand, several scientific publications provide data demonstrating the absence of the impact of the rheumatological disease under study on the course of caries. Regarding the course of periodontal diseases in adolescents with JIA, the authors emphasize the increased tendency to the accumulation of dental plaque, the development of gum bleeding, the presence of changes in bone mineral density and disorders of immune mechanisms, which undoubtedly determine the specific features of the course of this dental pathology in adolescents with JIA. However, many researchers do not confirm the theory of the presence of clinical features of the course of periodontal diseases in patients with JIA. The identified discrepancies necessitate further scientific research in the mentioned areas. Conclusions. Given the steady increase in the prevalence of juvenile idiopathic arthritis in Ukraine, the study of the features of the course of major dental diseases against the background of this rheumatological pathology is of particular relevance. The diversity of data obtained during the analysis of scientific sources on the subject further emphasizes the need for scientific research in the indicated area.