Unraveling the impact of pilot fuel injection pressure on hydrogen-diesel engine performance through PCA and RSM analysis

Hydrogen has garnered significant interest as a viable renewable energy source capable of revolutionizing conventional fuel systems. This study investigates the impact of engine load and liquid fuel injection pressure variations on the operational efficiency and emission characteristics of a hydrogen-enriched dual-fuel diesel engine, utilizing Jatropha biodiesel as the pilot ignition fuel. Advanced statistical methods, including Principal Component Analysis and Response Surface Methodology, were employed to optimize engine performance while minimizing emissions. The research aimed to achieve an Optimal Balance between efficiency requirements and emission constraints. Using Response Surface analysis, optimal engine parameters were identified at an liquid fuel injection pressure of 205.593 bar and an engine load of 70.816 %, yielding a brake thermal efficiency of 24. 3625 %, a liquid fuel replacement of 73.984 %, and NOx emissions of 188.687 ppm. These findings provide essential insights for enhancing the performance and environmental sustainability of hydrogen-assisted dual-fuel combustion systems.