Risk Factors of Latent Tuberculosis Infection among Incarcerated Populations: A Case–Control Study in Shenzhen, China

The results indicate that LTBI in correctional facilities is influenced by a confluence of biological, behavioral, and socioeconomic factors. An integrated preventative plan is essential, encompassing mandatory entry screening, verification of BCG vaccination, institutional smoking cessation programs, and measures to guarantee healthcare access. Future longitudinal studies ought to validate these mediation mechanisms and evaluate their influence on the progression to active illness.