On the Production of Innovative Wound Dressings from Bioinert Polymers by Electrospinning

One of the promising methods for producing medical devices is electrospinning, which allows for the production of fibrous material with a high specific surface area, porosity, and unique physical and mechanical properties. Microfibrous and nanofibrous materials mimic the structure of a decellularized extracellular matrix, which allows them to be used as cell scaffolds for tissue engineering, surgical membranes, test systems for screening the effects of drugs, and wound dressings. A fibrous material from a copolymer of lactide and caprolactone, cellulose diacetate, and polyvinylpyrrolidone, modified with recombinant spidroin with hybrid proteins containing biologically active peptides, is produced. The assessment of biocompatibility shows that treatment of the fibrous materials with recombinant spidroins and hybrid proteins increased both their adhesive properties for fibroblasts and keratinocytes and the degree of vascularization during subcutaneous implantation. The inclusion of gentamicin into the composition of the fibrous materials made it possible to impart antibacterial properties to them. The obtained results demonstrate the possibility of using the manufactured materials as wound-healing dressings.