The molecular landscape of kidney stone disease: pathophysiology to personalized intervention

Urolithiasis is a complex and multifactorial disease with rising global prevalence. Traditional management strategies primarily focus on symptom relief and surgical intervention. However, with advances in genomics, metabolomics, and imaging technologies, precision medicine is reshaping the diagnostic and therapeutic landscape of kidney stone diseases. This review explored the integration of genetic screening, individualized metabolic evaluation, and risk stratification to enable tailored treatment plans. We discuss the current and emerging approaches that align with the principles of precision medicine, including the identification of monogenic and polygenic risk factors, advanced imaging for stone composition, and targeted lifestyle or pharmacological interventions. These developments herald a paradigm shift in urolithiasis care, moving beyond reactive treatment toward proactive, patient-specific management.

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Publication Details

Journal
Drug Metabolism and Personalized Therapy
Published
2026-02-26
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1515/dmpt-2025-0083
Primary Topic
Kidney Stones and Urolithiasis Treatments
Type
article
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The molecular landscape of kidney stone disease: pathophysiology to personalized intervention

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article en

Abstract

Urolithiasis is a complex and multifactorial disease with rising global prevalence. Traditional management strategies primarily focus on symptom relief and surgical intervention. However, with advances in genomics, metabolomics, and imaging technologies, precision medicine is reshaping the diagnostic and therapeutic landscape of kidney stone diseases. This review explored the integration of genetic screening, individualized metabolic evaluation, and risk stratification to enable tailored treatment plans. We discuss the current and emerging approaches that align with the principles of precision medicine, including the identification of monogenic and polygenic risk factors, advanced imaging for stone composition, and targeted lifestyle or pharmacological interventions. These developments herald a paradigm shift in urolithiasis care, moving beyond reactive treatment toward proactive, patient-specific management.

Drug Metabolism and Personalized Therapy
Lovely Professional University (IN), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (IN), Uttaranchal University (IN), BGC Trust University Bangladesh (BD), JRE Group of Institutions (IN), Department of Science and Technology and Biotechnology (IN), Assam Down Town University (IN), Ras al-Khaimah Medical and Health Sciences University (AE)
Good health and well-being
Openalex Percentile: Top 39%
Kidney Stones and Urolithiasis Treatments
DOISourceOpenAlex
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