Self-Reported Positive Effects of Methylphenidate in Individuals With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): A Quantitive Study

Introduction Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a common condition affecting focus, behavior, and impulse control [1]. Stimulant medications (amphetamines, methylphenidate, atomoxetine) are notably more effective than a placebo in enhancing the quality of life for individuals with ADHD [2,3]. Chronic methylphenidate use improves executive functions, including reaction time, attention, inhibition, and additionally enhances working memory in people with ADHD [3]. This paper examines the prevalence of self-reported positive effects of methylphenidate use among individuals with ADHD. Aim (1) To evaluate self-reported positive effects of methylphenidate used in the treatment of ADHD in adults. (2) To determine which of these positive effects are reported most frequently. Methods An online survey of adults with ADHD was conducted anonymously in March-April 2024. Participants self-reported the positive effects of medications, along with their age, ADHD diagnosis, and medication use. Statistical analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel and R Commander. The Chi-square test was used to determine statistical significance, considering results significant at p < 0.05. Statistical comparisons were only assessed between women and men, as there was only one representative of the other sex. Results A total of 115 people completed the questionnaire, with 101 included in the study and 14 excluded due to a lack of ADHD diagnosis. The mean age was 29.73 ± 7.75 years. Use of stimulants at some point in life was reported by 93 (92%) participants. At the time of the survey, 60 (59.4%) were using methylphenidate. Positive effects of methylphenidate were noted by 87 (93.5%): 32 (94.1%) males, 54 (93.1%) females and 1 (100 %) other. Improved concentration was reported by 62 (66.6%): 25 (73.5%) males, 36 (62%) females (p = 0.2616) and 1 (100 %) other. Increased motivation was noted by 29 (31.2%): 7 (20.6%) males, 21 (36.2%) females (p = 0.1161) and 1 (100 %) other. A decrease in thought flow was reported by 21 (22.5%): 8 (23.5%) males, 13 (22.4%) females (p = 0.9021) and 0 (0 %) other. Fewer than one-fifth of the participants reported experiencing increased energy, a sense of calm, improved emotional stability, or reduced anxiety. Conclusions The study revealed that most participants experienced positive effects from methylphenidate, with improved concentration being the most common benefit. Gender differences in outcomes were minimal and not statistically significant.