The impact of birth experience on breastfeeding self-efficacy and mother-infant bonding

Background. Breastfeeding self-efficacy and mother-infant bonding are crucial factors influencing maternal and neonatal health outcomes. Birth experiences may significantly impact these aspects, necessitating further research to understand their relationship. Aim. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the impact of birth experience on maternal breastfeeding confidence (BSES-SF) and bonding with the infant (MIBS) during the postpartum period. Methods. A longitudinal study was conducted with data collection at two time points: immediately postpartum (1–3 days after postpartum) and during the second postpartum phase (6–8 weeks postpartum). Breastfeeding self-efficacy was measured using the BSES-SF scale, while mother-infant bonding was assessed with the MIBS scale. The Wilcoxon test was applied to assess statistical significance. Results. Significant improvements were observed in most BSES-SF items in the second postpartum phase. Confidence in knowing if the baby is receiving enough milk increased from 3.33 (0.9) to 3.86 (1.1) (p < 0.001). Ability to handle breastfeeding as a challenging task rose from 3.22 (0.9) to 3.67 (1.2) (p < 0.001). Exclusive breastfeeding confidence increased from 3.67 (1.3) to 3.97 (1.50) (p = 0.019). Overall BSES-SF scores increased significantly from 50.11 (10.1) to 53.66 (16.2) (p < 0.001). The bonding experience showed mixed changes, with increased joyful bonding (0.30 (0.6) to 0.40 (0.6), p = 0.046) but also a rise in resentment (0.08 (0.3) to 0.18 (0.6), p = 0.019) and frustration (0.09 (0.3) to 0.17 (0.4), p = 0.004). The overall MIBS score increased significantly (1.09 (1.8) to 1.43 (2.1), p = 0.008). Conclusion. Birth experience plays a crucial role in shaping maternal breastfeeding confidence and emotional bonding with the infant. These findings highlight the importance of holistic postpartum care strategies that enhance breastfeeding self-efficacy while addressing emotional challenges in bonding.