Numerical Analysis of Bifacial Photovoltaic Panel Performance in Erzurum Conditions

This study focuses on the performance analysis of bifacial photovoltaic (PV) modules under specific climatic andgeographical conditions. The selection of Erzurum as the study area is based on its high altitude and extended solarexposure periods, which provide favorable conditions for evaluating energy yield enhancements achievablethrough bifacial PV technologies. The primary objective is to quantify the energy generation potential of bifacialPV modules by considering rear-side radiation gains, which are significantly influenced by albedo variations andground reflectivity throughout the year. The investigation is grounded in empirical monthly albedo data and typicalmeteorological year inputs, and simulation models are developed accordingly. Due to the limited number of regionspecific studies focusing on the bifacial PV performance under Eastern Anatolian climate conditions, this researchcontributes original data and analysis to the field. The study applies standardized simulation methods to determinekey performance indicators such as specific yield, bifacial gain, and performance ratio (PR), based on both frontand rear radiation components. The results are expected to inform data-driven optimization strategies for PVsystem design and deployment, particularly in continental climate zones with high seasonal reflectance variability.Furthermore, the study’s numerical outcomes will serve as a reference for future modeling efforts and validationof simulation tools in similar topographical and climatic settings.