A STUDY ON THE ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY DYEING OF LINEN FABRICS

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:6.0pt;margin-left:0cm;text-align:justify;line-height:125%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:125%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">Natural dyes, rediscovered in the quest forsustainable and eco-friendly colouring agents that pose no harm to individualsor the environment in textile applications, have undergone substantial researchin recent years.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:125%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:125%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">In this study, both marshmallow (<i>Althaea officinalis</i> L.) and blackberry (<i>Rubus plicatus</i>) branches were selected as natural dyestuff sourcesin the dyeing processes of linen fabric.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:125%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:125%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">Plants that had been driedand pulverised were introduced straight to the dye solution during the dyeingprocess.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:125%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:125%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">FeSO₄.7H₂O was used as an environmentally friendlymordant agent to increase colour yield and fastness values ​​in the dyeingprocess.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:125%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:125%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">The dyeing and mordanting procedures were completedsimultaneously. The dyeing process began at room temperature and ended at 100°Cfor 60 minutes. Following cold washing, hot soap washing (1 g/L soap), and hotand cold washing procedures, the dyed samples were dried at room temperature.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:125%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:125%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">Color (<i>K/S</i> and CIE <i>L*a*b*</i>)values ​​of the painted samples were measured with a Konica Minolta 3600 dspectrophotometer.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:125%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:125%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">In addition, washing, rubbing, sweat and light colourfastness tests were performed on the samples, and the results were determinedto be in the 4-5 point range.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:125%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:125%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">As a result, the dyed samples were determined to haveacceptable colour tones and passed the colour fastness tests.<o:p></o:p></span>