Change in antibiotic resistance of Staphylococcus spp. in 2007-2025

A comparative analysis of antibiotic resistance of Staphylococcus spp. isolated in 2007, 2015, 2022 years and 2025 in the community – from the population and 1st-2nd year students was performed. 1736 strains of Staphylococcus spp. were tested: 260 Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and 385 coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) strains were isolated from the population and 440 S. aureus and 651 CoNS strains were isolated from the students. Clinical specimens were collected by swabs, from the nostril. Staphylococcus spp. antibiotic susceptibility was tested according to CLSI (Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute) [1] and European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) [2] recommendations. Antibiotic resistance of Staphylococcus spp. strains was determined using Sensititre plates (TREK diagnostic system) [3]. It was found that during the study period, penicillin resistance of S. aureus isolated from the population and students decreased from 83.4- 81.0% to 59.7-55.0% (P˂0.05). The frequency of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains ranged from 4.1 to 10,3%. S. aureus and CoNS resistance to gentamicin ranged from 39.9 and 34.5 to 11.6 and 9.9%. In the study groups, S.aureus resistance to ciprofloxacin ranged from 28.5 to 4.4%, to clindamycin - from 28.5 to 8.1%, to erythromycin - from 41.6 to 9.3%, to tetracycline - from 39.8 to 10.7% and S.aureus resistance to rifampin ranged from 29.5 to 3.5%. In the study groups, CoNS resistance to ciprofloxacin ranged from 16.5 to 4.3%, to clindamycin - from 25.0 to 7.2%, to erythromycin - from 59.6 to 19.8%, to tetracycline - from 43.1 to 20.5% and S.aureus resistance to rifampin ranged from 12.0 to 3.1%. All tested Staphylococcus spp. strains were sensitive to vancomycin and linezolid. Monitoring of staphylococci (Staphylococcus spp.) provides important information about their prevalence and antibiotic resistance, identifies control priorities and the need to adjust antibiotic use.