Evaluation of the antiradical activity in vitro of Prunus domestica L. fruit samples extracts using abts spectrophotometric assay

Introduction. Antioxidants are compounds that help protect the body from oxidative stress and free radicals, which can damage cells and contribute to chronic diseases. They prevent chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes mellitus, and neurodegenerative diseases [1]. Materials and methods. 1 g of lyophilized Prunus domestica L. fruit powder was placed in dark glass bottles and covered with 10 ml of 100% (v/v) acetone. The bottles are placed in an ultrasonic bath (Elmasonic P, Singen, Germany) for extraction, performed at room temperature for 10 minutes. The ultrasonic bath operates at a frequency of 80 kHz and a power of 1100 W. Following the extraction, the solution was filtered and the filter rinsed with 100% (v/v) acetone. The filtrate is subsequently transferred into a 10 ml volumetric flask and diluted to the calibration mark with 100% (v/v) acetone [2]. The ABTS radical scavenging activity in vitro was assessed by analyzing the decrease of absorption in blue-green color in the reaction mixture containing a working solution of 2,2'-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) oxidized with potassium persulfate and the sample extract using spectrophotometric assay (λ = 734 nm) [3]. Results and discussion. Antiradical activity in vitro in the extracts of tested P. domestica fruit samples varied from 5.83 µmol TE/g to 15.62 µmol TE/g. The strongest antiradical activity in vitro (15.62 ± 0.18 µmol TE/g) using ABTS assay was determined in Prunus domestica L. cultivar 'Kijevas Vēlā' fruit sample extract. In contrast, the weakest antiradical activity in vitro (5.83 ± 0.27 µmol TE/g), was observed in the extract of P. domestica cultivar 'Dąbrowicka Prune' fruit sample. The considerable coefficient of variation (28.9%) was determined to assess the variability of the in vitro antiradical activity values, revealing substantial differences in antiradical activity among the examined plum fruit extracts. Conclusions. Antiradical activity in vitro of P. domestica fruit samples extracts was evaluated using ABTS assay. Among the tested cultivars, the 'Kijevas Vēlā' fruit extract exhibited the strongest antiradical activity in vitro, as determined by the ABTS assay.