Copy-cup gates in tensor products of group algebra codes

We determine conditions on classical group algebra codes so that they have pre-orientation for cup products and copy-cup gates. This defines quantum codes that have constant-depth $\operatorname{CZ}$ and $\operatorname{CCZ}$ gates constructed via tensor products of classical group algebra codes, including hypergraph and balanced products. We show that determining the conditions relies on solving the perfect matching problem in graph theory. Conditions are fully determined for the 2- and 3-copy-cup gates, for group algebra codes up to weight 4, including for codes with odd check weight. These include the bivariate bicycle codes, which we show do not have the pre-orientation for either type of copy-cup gate. We show that abelian weight 4 group algebra codes satisfying the non-associative 3-copy-cup gate necessarily have a code distance of 2, whereas codes that satisfy conditions for the symmetric 3-copy-cup gate can have higher distances, and in fact also satisfy conditions for the 2-copy-cup gate. Finally we find examples of quantum codes from the product of abelian group algebra codes that have inter-code constant-depth $\operatorname{CZ}$ and $\operatorname{CCZ}$ gates.

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Publication Details

Journal
Physical Review A
Published
2026-10-30
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1103/lf7t-81xq
Primary Topic
Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.00

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article

Copy-cup gates in tensor products of group algebra codes

Nikolas P. Breuckmann, Ryan Tiew
Physical Review A
Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture
article

Copy-cup gates in tensor products of group algebra codes

Nikolas P. Breuckmann, Ryan Tiew
article en

Abstract

We determine conditions on classical group algebra codes so that they have pre-orientation for cup products and copy-cup gates. This defines quantum codes that have constant-depth $\operatorname{CZ}$ and $\operatorname{CCZ}$ gates constructed via tensor products of classical group algebra codes, including hypergraph and balanced products. We show that determining the conditions relies on solving the perfect matching problem in graph theory. Conditions are fully determined for the 2- and 3-copy-cup gates, for group algebra codes up to weight 4, including for codes with odd check weight. These include the bivariate bicycle codes, which we show do not have the pre-orientation for either type of copy-cup gate. We show that abelian weight 4 group algebra codes satisfying the non-associative 3-copy-cup gate necessarily have a code distance of 2, whereas codes that satisfy conditions for the symmetric 3-copy-cup gate can have higher distances, and in fact also satisfy conditions for the 2-copy-cup gate. Finally we find examples of quantum codes from the product of abelian group algebra codes that have inter-code constant-depth $\operatorname{CZ}$ and $\operatorname{CCZ}$ gates.

Physical Review A
U.S. Department of Energy, Simons Institute for the Theory of Computing, University of California Berkeley, Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council
Openalex Percentile: Top 89%
Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture
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Copy-cup gates in tensor products of group algebra codes — Nikolas P. Breuckmann, Ryan Tiew · Physical Review A (2026) | TGRS Research Map | TGRS