The clinical value of repeat ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy in the management of Bethesda Category III thyroid nodules

Repeat fine-needle aspiration biopsy (rFNAB) significantly improves the diagnostic rate for thyroid nodules initially diagnosed as Bethesda Category III, and the time interval between the two biopsies does not affect diagnostic performance. For the follow-up of nodules with an initial Bethesda Category III FNAB result, rFNAB is recommended when the TI-RADS score is ≥8, especially if suspicious ultrasonographic signs such as new or persistent microcalcifications are present. During the procedure, multi-point sampling should target non-calcified areas at the nodule periphery to improve the accuracy and reliability of rFNAB.