Attachment Styles, Resilience, and Parenting Attitudes Among Adolescents Exposed to Interparental Intimate Partner Violence

This study aimed to investigate the relationship among the resilience levels, attachment styles, and the parenting attitudes of adolescents who did and did not witness interparental intimate partner violence (IPV). The study included adolescents and their mothers who presented to the Child-Adolescent Psychiatry clinics. The case and control group consisted of adolescents who had and had not witnessed interparental IPV, respectively. Data were collected using the <i>K-SADS-PL-DSM-5-T</i>, a sociodemographic data form, the <i>Child and Youth Resilience Measure</i>, the <i>Three-Dimensional Attachment Style Scale</i>, and the <i>Parental Attitude Research Instrument</i>. Resilience levels were significantly lower in the case group. In the control group, secure attachment style was observed more frequently, while avoidant and anxious-ambivalent attachment styles were more prevalent in the case group. Resilience was positively related to secure attachment and negatively related to avoidant and anxious-ambivalent attachment in both groups. Regarding parenting attitudes, the case group scored higher on the <i>Rejection of the Housewife Role</i> and <i>Marital Discord</i> subscales. In conclusion, the adjustment of children exposed to interparental IPV depends not only on traumatic experiences but also on resilience, attachment styles, and parental attitudes. Therefore, intervention programs should integrate trauma-focused approaches with strategies that strengthen parent-child relationships and foster protective factors enhancing resilience.