Immunotherapy-induced sialadenitis: sjögren’s syndrome or a new sialadenitis

This study establishes ICI-associated sialadenitis as a distinct pathological entity characterized by CD4⁺T cell-driven inflammation mediated through the Th17/IL-17 axis, which differs from Sjögren syndrome, predominantly involving B cells and from IgG4 related sialadenitis. By demonstrating therapeutic efficacy in a preclinical model, our findings provide the first preclinical validation of the IL-17 axis as an actionable therapeutic target for this condition.