Večkriterijska odločitvena analiza za vrednotenje ukrepov za obvladovanje padavinskih voda

Stormwater control measures (SCMs) are technical elements designed to prevent and mitigate the negative effects of uncontrolled stormwater runoff. Different types of SCM can provide various co-benefits to the surrounding urban environment, making it important to select the most appropriate measure. This study presents a multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) framework for evaluating SCMs based on their optimized design parameters. Six SCM types – bio-retention cells, rain gardens, green roofs, infiltration trenches, detention ponds, and storage tanks – were optimized for a single objective: catchment outflow reduction. The resulting designs were evaluated using MCDA, incorporating additional performance criteria including capital expenditure (CAPEX), operating expenses (OPEX), land take, retained water, detained water, and plant space. The compromise programming method was applied to rank SCM scenarios based on their proximity to an ideal solution. Results indicate that landscape-integrated SCMs, particularly detention ponds, offer the most balanced performance, combining low costs with high co-benefits. Building-integrated SCMs, such as green roofs and rainwater-harvesting storage tanks, scored moderately, while underground storage tanks – representing grey infrastructure – performed the worst due to high costs and lack of co-benefits. The proposed evaluation framework enables transparent, criteria-based comparison of SCMs and supports informed decision-making in urban stormwater planning.