Bridging knowledge gaps for healthy China 2030 plan: a province-wide assessment of primary healthcare workers' competencies and training preferences in Henan, China

Henan's PHC workforce faces pervasive knowledge gaps that threaten progress toward the prevention-oriented, equitable healthcare envisioned by Healthy China 2030. Policymakers should design competency-based training programs that prioritize rural clinics, integrate digital and hands-on modalities, and reinforce health promotion and chronic disease management. Establishing regional training hubs, mentorship systems, and rigorous evaluation mechanisms will help build a workforce capable of advancing China's national goals of improving health literacy, reducing chronic disease burdens, and achieving universal health coverage.