Digital Health and Remote Patient Monitoring in Heart Failure: From Pathophysiology to Value-Based Care in Emerging Health Systems

Heart failure (HF) is one of the most complex, dynamic, and resourceintensive cardiovascular syndromes worldwide.It is associated with high morbidity, frequent hospitalizations, and substantial healthcare expenditures. 1Despite major advances in pharmacological and device-based therapies, HF management remains largely reactive and symptom-driven rather than proactive.Moreover, adherence to guideline-directed therapy by both physicians and patients remains suboptimal.