A novel multimodal AI-based radiomics approach for precision assessment of pain intensity in chronic nonspecific low back pain

This study facilitates early risk stratification of cNLBP patients in clinical practice, enabling clinicians to prioritize intervention for high-risk individuals and optimize the allocation of medical resources. Moreover, the validated high-performance AI models and the multimodal integration strategy lay a foundation for the development of clinical auxiliary tools. Such tools can be integrated into existing clinical workflows to assist clinicians in accurately identifying patients with severe pain at high risk, thereby supporting early intervention and personalized treatment decision-making.