Analysis of Control System Interlocking Characteristics and Application Limitations of a Negative-Pressure Sprinkler System through Experimental Testing

This study aims to analyze the limitations in the field application of negative-pressure sprinkler systems by conducting empirical tests focusing on control system interlocking and operational issues caused by repeated operations. A test setup reflecting the actual field piping configurations was constructed, and the signal transmission of the detectors, solenoid valve activation, negative pressure release, and water discharge initiation were selected as the key observation parameters. Tests were conducted repeatedly under normal and abnormal conditions, and the response time, valve operation, and pressure variation were measured quantitatively. The results indicated that, under certain control logic conditions and secondary-side pressure states, delayed or failed water discharge can occur, and the frequent activation of the negative-pressure pump during repeated operations may reduce operational reliability. These findings clarify the application conditions and structural limitations of negative-pressure sprinkler systems and provide fundamental data for future system improvement.