Enhanced Effects of Static Magnetic Field Combined With FGF21 ^SS in Diabetic Mice

The increasing diabetic population, as well as the prevalence of high-fat diet-induced pre-diabetic conditions, have made it imperative to develop more effective and safe long-term prevention and treatment strategies. In recent years, both the physical method static magnetic field (SMF), and the endogenous hormone fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) have shown promising treatment efficacy in type 2 diabetic animals. In this study, we further examined the effects of SMFs and FGF21^SS (a thermal-stable FGF21 analog) on the other two types of diabetes, pre-diabetes and type 1 diabetes (T1D) in mice. Our results show that continuous SMF exposure alone can reduce hyperglycemia by 28.5% (p < 0.05) in T1D mice and 12.5% (p < 0.05) in pre-diabetic mice. Moreover, SMF can significantly enhance the anti-diabetic effects of FGF21^SS, and the fasting blood glucose reduction was increased from 29.3% in FGF21^SS groups to 50.3% in the combinational groups for T1D mice (p < 0.05), and from 9.7% in FGF21^SS groups to 19.2% in the combinational groups for pre-diabetic mice (p < 0.05). Tissue examination shows that the combination of SMF and FGF21SS can effectively reduce oxidative stress in the mouse liver and pancreatic islets, as well as lipid deposition in the liver, which contributes to alleviating diabetes. Therefore, our study presents an effective and safe strategy that can be potentially applied in diabetes management in the future.