Efficiency of Hydrogenated Amorphous Silicon Solar Cells Formed by Grooves in Two Dimension

In this study, we conducted a theoretical analysis of the effects of grooves on the properties of amorphous silicon solar cells. The studied groove structure consists of prisms arranged perpendicularly to the one-dimensional grooves, and we refer to this formation as the two-dimensional groove. The groove apex angles under investigation are acute, right, and obtuse (40°, 90°, and 110°, respectively). A theoretical method is proposed to calculate the increase in photocurrent resulting from enhanced optical absorption due to texturing. This is done by analyzing the characteristic equation to find the I-V characteristic for all groove angles. The reflectivity was estimated from the spectral reflectance of a-Si: H, whereas our study focuses on Mosul city in July, when incident solar irradiance is at its peak. The incident solar power, the output power, and the efficiency were determined for each case. Using all the above steps, the input, output and the efficiency are calculated. An increase in efficiency was observed for two-dimensional texturing when the angles are right and obtuse. Also, the prisms arranged perpendicularly will absorb (in the case of one-dimensional), which is common for the early and late hours of the day. The role of the second dimension decreases as normal incidence is approached and becomes zero at normal incidence. The two-dimensional texturing absorbed the escaped energy in the case of one dimension for all groove angles.