A comparative investigation of the flow of Williamson, micropolar, and Maxwell nanofluids influenced by a stretched surface, considering bioconvection, double diffusion, activation energy, and slip effects

The study presents a detailed numerical analysis which explores the characteristics of Williamson nanofluids together with Micropolar and Maxwell nanofluids transfer heat and magnetic energy across surfaces that stretched, while bioconvection and double diffusion and activation energy and multi-slip boundary conditions exist. The complex rheological behavior emerges between these systems which operate at advanced levels in thermal management systems and bio-convective reactors and magnetically controlled energy devices. The authors Ytransformed the nonlinear boundary-layer equations which describe motion, microrotation, heat, mass and microorganism transport into similarity variables before they solved the system through the numerical technique Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg (RKF-45) method which they mutual through a shooting technique. The research results conducted an extensive parameter analysis to determine the behaviour of magnetic field intensity and slip coefficients and Brownian motion and thermophoresis and Lewis numbers and Schmidt numbers affect the system's transport behavior. The quantitative findings demonstrate that micropolar nanofluids produce a 35% increase in Nusselt number and a 20–29% rise in wall shear stress when magnetic forces operate compared to situations without slip. The rate of heat transmission of Williamson nanofluids and Maxwell nanofluids show a 21–32% increase while their mass transfer rates rise by about 18%. The experimental data shows multi-non-Newtonian nanofluids perform better than other fluids in thermal and solutal properties which positions them as top candidates for heat exchangers and bio-reactors and magneto-thermal energy systems.