Experimental and computational study on aerodynamic performance of HAWT

The global rise in energy demand, driven by modern lifestyles, necessitates more efficient wind energy harvesting. This research aims to determine the optimal blade angle for enhancing aerodynamic performance in Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines (HAWTs) under specific wind conditions. Computational and experimental analyses were conducted to evaluate lift and drag forces across different blade angles, focusing on maximizing moment and power output. The results identify 82° as the optimal blade angle for peak performance, with maximum moment observed at this angle for wind speeds of 3 m/s, 12.5 m/s, and 25 m/s. CFD simulations using ANSYS Fluent 17.0 with NACA aerofoils were validated through experiments, showing strong agreement between theoretical and experimental results. The study establishes a rated tip speed of 105 m/s for a 5 MW HAWT. By integrating experimental and computational approaches, this research provides valuable insights into the aerodynamic behavior of HAWTs, aiding in the development of efficient airfoils and blades to enhance energy generation. The findings highlight CFD's role as a cost-effective and time-efficient tool for assessing blade and wind characteristics, contributing to the optimization of wind energy systems and the advancement of sustainable energy solutions. • Integration of computational, theoretical, and experimental methods to optimize HAWT performance • Identification of optimal blade angles to enhance efficiency at low wind speeds • Analysis of wind turbine performance using ANSYS Fluent and wind tunnel experiments • Insights into the impact of wind speed variations on electricity production • Comprehensive evaluation of aerodynamic forces influencing HAWT performance