Examining transgender tourists’ internalised transnegativity: The mediating effect of constraint negotiation

This research note gives preliminary evidence on the role of constraint negotiation in mediating the relationship between internalised transnegativity and travel participation among transgender tourists in non-Western contexts. Drawing from a sample of 323 Filipino transgender tourists, findings of a partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) reveal how travel motivations and constraints amplify internalised transnegativity, further complicating the constraint negotiation process for transgender tourists. However, constraint negotiation enables transgender travellers to overcome these barriers. This study extends Constraint Negotiation Theory by highlighting the psychological dimensions of constraint negotiation, emphasising how overcoming internalised stigma facilitates greater travel participation and well-being for transgender individuals. The findings contribute to a more nuanced understanding of how marginalised groups navigate travel constraints, especially from non-Western contexts.