Effects of cochlear implantation on quality of life in patients with age-related hearing loss: a systematic review

On the basis of observational studies with predominantly moderate to serious risk of bias, current evidence suggests that QoL tends to improve after CI in adults with ARHL and that chronological age itself does not appear to be a major constraint on CI-related benefit. Future studies should prioritize CI-specific instruments (e.g., Cochlear Implant Quality of Life, CIQOL), harmonize follow-up schedules, and explicitly examine longer-term benefit trajectories in the oldest-old to strengthen evidence for expectation management and rehabilitation planning.