On Anomalous Dissipation in Dusty Plasma in the Vicinity of Cometary Nuclei and Active Asteroids

One of the main features that distinguishes dusty plasma from ordinary plasma (which does not contain charged dust particles) is anomalous dissipation associated with the effect of dust particle charging and leading to new physical phenomena, effects and mechanisms. The process of anomalous dissipation is considered to describe the dynamics of dust particles in the dusty plasma of comets and the near-surface dusty plasma of active asteroids. An analytical description of the motion of a dust particle over the surface of a comet and an active asteroid is presented. It has been shown that, unlike the Moon or Mercury, where dust particles move along periodic trajectories, under certain conditions the dynamics of dust particles above the surface of a comet nucleus or an active asteroid can be aperiodic. It is noted that anomalous dissipation plays a significant role in justifying the application of the levitating dust particle model describing the dusty plasma above a comet and an active asteroid.