Deep brain stimulation in children with acquired dystonia

The aim of this review is to present the current state of knowledge on deep brain stimulation (DBS) in pediatric patients with acquired dystonia. We summarize the short- and long-term effects of DBS on motor and non-motor domains and discuss potential factors influencing treatment response and patient selection. Furthermore, in view of the limitations of the existing data future perspectives are discussed, which could contribute to an improved understanding of disease mechanisms and outcome predictors in order to optimize the treatment by invasive neuromodulation in these often complex disabled patients.