Spectroscopic Detection of Primordial Black Hole Hydrogen-like Atoms?

<ns7:p>This paper explores whether primordial black hole hydrogen-like atoms (PBH-H protoatoms) could be detectable through their distinctive spectroscopic signatures. Background Building on theoretical work proposing that gravitational binding between primordial black holes and electrons may create exotic quantum systems, we investigate the observational prospects for these hypothetical atomic structures. Methods We develop a comprehensive detection framework combining simulated spectroscopic signatures, sensitivity analyses for current space-based infrared telescopes, and machine-learning classification algorithms to distinguish genuine signals from astrophysical contaminants. Our approach integrates deep spectroscopic surveys targeting dark matter halos, multi-messenger coordination with gravitational wave triggers, and time-domain analysis of spectral evolution. Results Our simulations predict that PBH-H protoatoms would emit characteristic far-infrared transitions spanning one to fifty micrometers, with the dominant n equals two to n equals one line occurring at five point four micrometers, placing it within the detection range of the James Webb Space Telescope Mid-Infrared Instrument. The spectral features exhibit significant broadening from Hawking radiation-induced quantum blur and rapid temporal evolution on timescales of minutes to hours as electrons spiral toward the black hole nuclei. Sensitivity analysis confirms that the James Webb Space Telescope can probe PBH-H densities as low as one thousand per cubic parsec in the Galactic Center, while the Atacama Large Millimeter Array and Very Large Array can access higher-order millimeter and centimeter wavelength transitions. Conclusions Successful detection of PBH-H protoatoms would validate primordial black holes as dark matter constituents and provide unprecedented tests of quantum gravity at atomic scales, representing a transformative advancement in understanding dark matter composition and quantum gravitational phenomena.</ns7:p>