Neuro-ophthalmic presentation of leptomeningeal metastasis of thymoma: a case report

LMD is a rare presentation of a malignant thymoma. Current guidelines for thymoma management emphasize the importance of staging imaging to rule out distant metastasis. Our case highlights the importance of a head-to-mid-thigh positron emission tomography (PET) scan in patients with known metastatic thymomas, with multiple PET scans, if possible, at regular intervals, owing to the aggressive nature of metastatic thymomas. Clinicians should be aware of the neoplastic (e.g., metastatic disease and LMD) and paraneoplastic (e.g., thymoma-related myasthenia gravis) neuro-ophthalmic presentations of thymoma.