Diagnosis, risk assessment, and surgical planning of coronary artery anomalies by CT angiography

Purpose: This study evaluates the role of coronary computed tomography (CT) angiography in diagnosis and management of coronary artery anomalies and explores demographic variations.Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis of 2,786 patients undergoing Coronary CT angiography from November 2018 to October 2023 identified 53 cases (21 females, 32 males) of coronary artery anomalies. Anomalies were classified by origin, course, and structure. Imaging was performed using a dual-source CT scanner. Results: Coronary artery anomaly prevalence was 1.82%. The most common anomaly was a high take-off origin of the right coronary artery (41.5%). Left main anomalies were more frequent in males, while malignant courses occurred only in females (19%). Additional findings included coronary stenosis and diverticula. Coronary CT angiography provided critical 3D visualization for preoperative planning and revealed gender-specific differences, emphasizing the need for tailored approaches. Conclusion: Coronary CT angiography is an indispensable tool for diagnosing and characterizing coronary artery anomalies. Its non-invasive imaging allows for detailed preoperative evaluation, improving clinical and surgical outcomes. This study underscores the importance of addressing demographic variations and highlights the need for standardized protocols and further multicenter research.