Integrative management of overweight in psychiatric patients: Insights from nutritional approach in an observational study

Background/Objectives: Psychotropic medications are known to induce significant metabolic side effects, including weight gain and visceral fat accumulation, which are major risk factors for cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of a personalized dietary intervention, supported by targeted physical activity and nutraceutical supplementation, in mitigating weight-related adverse effects, among hospitalized psychiatric patients treated with antipsychotic and/or antidepressant drugs. Methods: A cohort of 50 patients was initially enrolled; 44 patients with a BMI > 25 proceeded with the full intervention protocol, which included a Mediterranean-style dietary plan, structured exercise under kinesiologist supervision, and supplementation with branched-chain amino acids (HYDROXIRAM ® ) and phytosomal or micellar curcumin. Anthropometric and bioelectrical impedance measurements were used to monitor Body Mass Index (BMI), Fat Mass Index (FMI), and Fat-Free Mass Index (FFMI) over six follow-up visits. Results: Despite a high dropout rate, significant reductions in BMI and FMI were observed among patients who completed the program, with minimal loss of lean body mass. Results suggest that a multidisciplinary, individualized intervention can effectively reduce fat accumulation while preserving muscle mass in this patient population. Conclusions: The findings support the implementation of integrated nutritional strategies to enhance both physical, and psychiatric outcomes, in individuals with mental health disorders undergoing pharmacological treatment.