A power coordinated control strategy for an electrically–hydrogen coupled DC microgrid based on fuzzy control and variable-parameter droop

Introduction Photovoltaic hydrogen production is a promising approach to improving renewable energy utilization and reducing grid impact. However, integrating hydrogen energy storage into DC microgrids presents significant challenges: pronounced power fluctuations from photovoltaic sources and loads, large variations in hydrogen storage state of hydrogen (SoH), and frequent start–stop cycling of hydrogen equipment triggered by SoH limit violations. Methods To address these issues, this paper proposes a comprehensive power coordinated control strategy for electrically–hydrogen coupled DC microgrids. First, a fuzzy logic algorithm is developed to optimize dynamic power allocation between hydrogen energy storage and lithium battery storage, enabling intelligent adaptation to varying operating conditions. Second, microgrid operating states are classified into normal and extreme conditions based on hydrogen SoH thresholds, providing a basis for differentiated control strategies. Third, a variable‐parameter droop control strategy for hydrogen energy storage is introduced, which dynamically regulates the hydrogen tank’s SoH and suppresses the rate of SoH movement toward overcharge and overdischarge regions through adaptive control parameters. This hierarchical framework enhances microgrid regulation capability while maintaining system stability. Results Simulation results obtained in MATLAB/Simulink demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed strategy, confirming significant improvements in voltage regulation, hydrogen storage management, and equipment protection compared to conventional methods. Discussion The proposed strategy achieves comprehensive optimization of voltage stability, energy storage lifetime, equipment protection, and system efficiency through the synergistic integration of fuzzy power allocation and adaptive droop control, confirming its applicability to practical electrically–hydrogen coupled DC microgrid implementations.