Dural tear with severe irrigation-related complications during unilateral biportal endoscopy under general anesthesia: a case series and literature review

Incidental dural tear during UBE can result in severe IRC, which pose a considerable threat to patient safety. Comprehensive interventions-including sedation, analgesia, targeted management of hypertension and tachycardia, as well as administration of mannitol, furosemide, or methylprednisolone-are crucial. Anesthesiologists should maintain vigilance for these clinical features and proactively manage IRC associated with dural tear during UBE.